Luxembourg

Geography

Economics

Demographics

Military

Politics

Surface

Surface (in square kilometers)

Surface (in square miles)

Surface (water)

Water Surface (in square kilometers)

Water Surface (in square miles)

Share of water (%)

Temperature

Average temperature (in Celcius)

Average temperature (in Farenheit)

Average high temperature (in Celcius)

Average high temperature (in Farenheit)

Average low temperature (in Celcius)

Average low temperature (in Farenheit)

Rainfall

Average rainfall (mm)

Average rainfall (inch)

Distance to other capitals (kilometers)

Distance to other capitals (miles)

Proximity

Economic organizations

Gross Domestic Product (US$)

Gross Domestic Product per capita

Amount of memberships (economic organizations)

Absolute earnings for every 1$

Relative earnings

GDP in PPP per capita (in US$)

GDP in PPP per capita

Gross Domestic product (in million US$)

GDP per capita (in US$)

Surface GDP

GDP per square kilometer (in US$)

GDP per square mile(in US$)

Relative GDP in PPP

Population

Population density

Emigration

Immigration

Literacy

Health

Population density (in km2)

Population density (in mi2)

Religion

Christianity (share of the total population)

Islam (share of the total population)

Buddhism (share of the total population)

Hinduism (share of the total population)

Judaism (share of the total population)

Other religions (share of the total population)

Non-religious (share of the total population)

Military spending (in % of GDP)

Military spending

In total, Luxembourg spends US$429 million on its military, which represents 0.6 percent of its GDP. This makes Luxembourg the 99th highest military spender in the world representing 0.02 percent total global military expenditure.

Because Luxembourg is a landlocked state, it does not have a Navy. However, it also does not have an Air Force, but only consist of ground forces. The symbolic head of the Army is the Duke of Luxembourg, with the Minister for the defence as the operational head of the Army.

Military membership

Luxembourg is a member of 13 international military organizations which makes it the 10th most militarily connected state in the world. It is a member of the following organizations:

Common Security and Defence Policy
Organization for Joint Armament Cooperation
Permanent Structured Cooperation
Member state of NATO
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty

Wassenaar Arrangement
Nuclear Suppliers Group
Australia Group
Missile Technology Control Regime
International Atomic Energy Agency
NATO

Military membership

International wars

Since its independence, Luxembourg has partaken in three international wars. These are:

World War II 1939-1945
Korean conflict 1945-present
Korean War 1950-1953

Number of international wars fought

Military spending (in US$ million)

Membership (international political organizations)

Luxembourg is a member of 17 international political organizations which makes it the 14th most connected state in the world. It is a member of the following organizations:

Member state of the United Nations
International Labour Organization
European Union
the Council of Europe
Energy Community
Benelux
European Cooperation in Science and Technology
Union for the Mediterranean
International Centre for the Study of the Preservation

Political Membership

Democracy/dictatorship rating

Luxembourg has held consistent free and fair elections and has seen an increase in civilian participation in the electoral process over the last 30 years. This makes Luxembourg the 19th most democratic state in the world.

Democracy/Dictatorship

The politics of Luxembourg takes place in a parliamentary representative democracy. The head of state is the Duke of Luxembourg while the Prime Minister is head of government.

Member states of the Organization internationale de la Francophonie
UNIDROIT
International Criminal Court
Interpol
Permanent Court of Arbitration
Western European and Others Group
International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance
World Organization for Animal Health

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If you want to know more about other states, click on the flag on the right to discover Madagascar.

Luxembourg, which derives its name from small fortress, is known to be one of the wealthiest states in the world. It became an independent state at the end of the 10th century from Charlemagne's Empire. Since then, it has been a part of the Spanish, the French, the Dutch and the Austrian Empire until it became fully independent as the grand Duchy of Luxembourg in 1848. Since its independence, it follows a neutral policy due to tensions between France and Germany. However, after being conquered by Nazi Germany during the second world war, it decided to join the NATO alliance as well as the European union. .

The territory of Luxembourg mainly consists of low-lying mountains with a Valley in its central part and on its southeastern border with Germany. Its northern part, which is part of the Ardennes, mainly consists of densely forested areas while its southern part mainly consists of lightly forested areas that are being alternated with farmland. It borders Germany to the east it, France to the south and Belgium to the west.

It is the 167th largest state in the world with a total surface area 2599 square kilometers or 1003 square miles. This makes Luxembourg slightly larger than Mauritius is slightly smaller than Samoa.

Because of its large mountain ranges, Luxembourg is home to several small rivers. The largest body of water is the Sure River that is located on the northwestern part of Luxembourg.

Below, a graph is shown which displays the absolute amount of water of each state in square kilometers and square miles.

Around 60 percent of all of Luxembourg's drinking water comes from underground springs and wells while the remaining 40 percent comes from surface water. The quality of drinking water in Luxembourg is of high standards compared to other European states.

Luxembourg has a moderate continental climate which is heavily influenced by the Atlantic Ocean. It enjoys moderate summers as well as cold winters. On average, the temperature is 8.3 degrees Celsius or 47 degrees Fahrenheit which makes Luxembourg the 168th warmest state in the world.

During summer, from June to September, the average temperature is 12.2 degrees Celsius or 54 degrees Fahrenheit.

During winter, the average temperature is 4.8 degrees Celsius or 40.6 degrees Fahrenheit.

Luxembourg has an annual precipitation of 82.4 centimetres or 32.4 inches which makes it the 118th state with the highest precipitation. Its precipitation is fairly evenly spread out throughout Luxembourg with its mountainous area receiving 1.5 times as much as its low-lying areas.

The capital of Luxembourg is Luxembourg city and is home to approximately 100,000 people. The capital that is closest located to Luxembourg city is Brussels Belgium with a distance of 180 kilometers or 112 miles. The capital that is furthest removed from Luxembourg city is Wellington New Zealand with a distance of 18,742 kilometers or 11,646 miles.

Contrary to other European states, the largest sector in Luxembourg is the financial sector which represents nearly 30 percent of Luxembourg's GDP. Its banking sector mainly consists of private banking which has also resulted in tax benefits for multinational corporations. Most of the products that are exported are steel, chemicals and transportation equipment which are mainly exported to France and Germany which combined represent more than 40 percent of all exports. Most of its imports comes from Belgium and Germany which together represent nearly 50 percent of all imports.

Luxembourg is a member of 19 international economic organizations which makes it the 19th most connected state in the world. It is a member of the following organizations:

African development Bank
Asian Development Bank
Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
Bank for International Settlements
Council of Europe Development Bank
Financial Action Task Force
International Energy Agency
International Monetary Fund
OECD - Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
World Bank Group
World Customs Organization
World Trade Organization

TRACECA Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia
International Energy Agency
Energy Charter Treaty
Energy Community
Nuclear Energy Agency
International Renewable Energy Agency
International Solar Alliance

Its GDP is the 75th highest in the world and stands at US$68.3 billion and represents 0.08 percent of total global GDP.

Its GDP per service area is US$26.3 million per square kilometer or US$68 million per square mile. This makes Luxembourg the seventh state with the highest amount of surface GDP.

Its GDP per capita is the third highest in the world with US$110,596.

The absolute earnings (GDP per capita) reflect the average yearly income. The figure below shows how much, on average, an inhabitant of another state earns for every $1 earned by a citizen of this state.

Its purchasing power is also the third highest in the world with US$114,423.

The relative Gross Domestic Product in Purchasing Power Parity compares the purchasing power of this state with that of the rest of the world. The graph on the left shows how much purchasing power of 1$ compared to the purchasing power of other states

With a population of 617,000 people, Luxembourg is the 165th most populous state in the world. Because of its long history under French and German rule, a large portion of the population still speaks French or German which are recognized as the official languages in Luxembourg along with Luxembourgish, which is one of the Germanic languages.

Luxembourg has the 43rd highest population density in the world with 232 people per square kilometer or 614 people per square mile.

Around 11.7 percent of the population, or just over 70,000 people have migrated to other states. Around 60 percent of all migrants ended up in the neighbouring states of France, Germany and Belgium. The remaining migrants mainly emigrated to other European states as well as North America.

Immigration to Luxembourg represents nearly 50 percent of the total population. This makes Luxembourg the 80th state with the highest number of immigrants representing 0.12 percent of total global immigration. These are mainly citizens of member states of the European Union that are looking for employment in Luxembourg. Luxembourg does not tolerate emigrants from outside of the European union and strictly enforces illegal immigration.

Education is free and compulsory between the ages of four and 16 and are given in one of the three official languages. However, the other languages are part of the school curriculum as well. With the literacy rate of 99.3 percent, Luxembourg is the 20th most literate state in the world.

The average life expectancy in Luxembourg is 82.8 years with women reaching 84.8 years and men reaching 80.8 years. This makes Luxembourg the 12th state with the highest life expectancy. Healthcare is partially funded by the state and partially funded by compulsory healthcare insurance for its citizens. The health care standards as well as personal health choices are above European average. The leading cause of death are hearts and cardiovascular diseases. However, an increasing trend in obesity could put more stress on healthcare in the future.

The state of Luxembourg does not have an official religion and supports freedom of religion towards all religions.

Christianity is the largest religion in Luxembourg and is represented by 58.8 percent of the population. This makes Luxembourg the 109th most Christian state in the world. The largest denomination by far is Catholicism which has been present since its independence.

On the right, the global share of Christians per state is displayed

Islam is represented by 2.5 percent of the population which makes it the 108th most Islamic state in the world. The majority of Muslims adhere to the Sunni denomination. Most Muslims have been refugees from the Balkan wars and originate from Bosnia, Morocco, Turkey and Kosovo.

There are no official Buddhist organizations in Luxembourg.

Hindus represent 0.06 percent of the population and follow the Krishna denomination. Most Hindus originate from Nepal and Sri Lanka and practice their religion in privates as there are no official Hindu temples in Luxembourg.

Judaism is represented by 0.1 percent of the population and are mainly situated in Luxembourg city.

Other religions represent 0.24 percent of the population. These are mainly former Christians that are practicing neopaganism.

The irreligious population in Luxembourg is the second largest group and is represented by nearly 18 percent of the population. In recent years, irreligion has grown significantly in Luxembourg with the foundation of secular organizations that provide instructions on how to become religiously disaffiliated.