Egypt

Geography

Economics

Demographics

Military

Politics

Surface

Surface (in square kilometers)

Surface (in square miles)

Surface (water)

Water Surface (in square kilometers)

Water Surface (in square miles)

Share of water (%)

Temperature

Average temperature (in Celcius)

Average temperature (in Farenheit)

Average high temperature (in Celcius)

Average high temperature (in Farenheit)

Average low temperature (in Celcius)

Average low temperature (in Farenheit)

Rainfall

Average rainfall (mm)

Average rainfall (inch)

Distance to other capitals (kilometers)

Distance to other capitals (miles)

Proximity

Economic organizations

Gross Domestic Product (US$)

Gross Domestic Product per capita

Amount of memberships (economic organizations)

Absolute earnings for every 1$

Relative earnings

GDP in PPP per capita (in US$)

GDP in PPP per capita

Gross Domestic product (in million US$)

GDP per capita (in US$)

Surface GDP

GDP per square kilometer (in US$)

GDP per square mile(in US$)

Relative GDP in PPP

Population

Population density

Emigration

Immigration

Literacy

Health

Population density (in km2)

Population density (in mi2)

Religion

Christianity (share of the total population)

Islam (share of the total population)

Buddhism (share of the total population)

Hinduism (share of the total population)

Judaism (share of the total population)

Other religions (share of the total population)

Non-religious (share of the total population)

Military spending (in % of GDP)

Military spending

Around US$3.7 billion or one percent of the Egyptian GDP goes to the military. This makes the Egyptian military the 48th most funded military in the world.

Consisting of an army, a Navy and Air Force, the Egyptian military is considered to be the largest in Africa. Throughout the last century, the military has played an important role in protecting its border, the Suez Canal, as well as being part in offensive military actions.

Military membership

Egypt is a member of five international military organizations which makes it the 67th most militarily interconnected state in the world. It is a member of the following organizations:

Conference on Disarmament
Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
International Atomic Energy Agency
Non-Aligned Movement
New Agenda Coalition

Military membership

International wars

Egypt has partaken in 19 international wars. These are:

Egyptian–Ottoman War 1831–33
Egyptian–Ottoman War 1839–41
Crimean War 1853-1856
Franco-Mexican War 1861-1867
Arab–Israeli War 1948-1949
Palestinian Fedayeen insurgency 1949-1956
Reprisal operations 1951-1966
Anglo-Egyptian War 1951-1951
Suez Crisis 1956-1956
North Yemen Civil War 1961-1970

Six-Day War 1967-1967
War of Attrition 1967-1970
Moro insurgency in the Philippines 1969-present
Yom Kippur War 1973-1973
Libyan–Egyptian War 1977-1977
Gulf War 1990-1991
Libyan Civil War 2011-2011
South Sudanese Civil War 2013-2010
Persian Gulf crisis 2019-present

Number of international wars fought

Military spending (in US$ million)

Membership (international political organizations)

Egypt is a member of 15 international political organizations which makes it the 42nd most politically interconnected state in the world. It is a member of the following organizations:

Member state of the United Nations
International Labour Organization
Union for the Mediterranean
Asian–African Legal Consultative Organization
African Union
International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property
Member states of the Organization internationale de la Francophonie
Arab League
Organization of Islamic Cooperation
UNIDROIT
Interpol
Permanent Court of Arbitration
Association of World Election Bodies
South Centre (organization)
World Organization for Animal Health

Political Membership

Democracy/dictatorship rating

Despite being a presidential republic with regular elections, the history of Egypt is filled with corruption as well as heavy influences by the Egyptian military. As a result, the Egyptian military has had a larger role in the daily lives of the Egyptian people. This makes Egypt the 145th most democratic state in the world.

Democracy/Dictatorship

The politics of Egypt is characterized by being a presidential republic. The president of Egypt is elected for six years and has the ability to appoint one in 20 members of Parliament.

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Known for one of the most famous landmarks in the world such as the Valley of the dead, its Sphinx and the great Pyramids of Giza, Egypt has a history that goes back more than 6000 years. From 1600 to 1300 BC Egypt was at its peak and started to decline until the fifth century BC when it became ruled by foreign empires. These were namely the Persian Empire, the Empire of Macedonia and later the Roman and Byzantine Empire. With the decline of the Byzantine Empire and the spread of Islam it became part of the Ottoman Empire. At the turn of the 18th century, the French, under the rule of Napoleon gained brief control of Egypt. After being reconquered by the Ottoman Empire, the British Empire took control of the area and became a de facto ruler of the area at the end of the first world war when the Ottoman Empire declined. Only four years later, Egypt had claimed independence in 1922. .

Located on the most northeastern parts of Africa, Egypt is home to large valleys with a large mountain range along its eastern border. Most of the land is made up of desert with the exception of the area surrounding the Nile River which is considered to be furtile land that is the only source of food in Egypt. To the north it has the Mediterranean Sea, to the northeast it borders Israel and Palestine, to the east it has the Red Sea, to the south it borders Sudan and to the west it borders Libya.

With a total landmass of just over 1 million square kilometers or 389,000 square miles it is the 29th largest state in the world. It is slightly smaller than Mauritania and slightly larger than Tanzania.

Virtually all of its water comes from the Nile River which is the lifeline of Egypt. It covers 0.6 percent of its total landmass.

Below, a graph is shown which displays the absolute amount of water of each state in square kilometers and square miles.

Other sources of water mainly come from desalination treatment plants that are located in the Red Sea and are mainly used for its coastal cities.

Afghanistan's share of water, as well as the other states are displayed below.

With almost all of its land being covered by desert, the climate of Egypt is characterized by having mild winters and hot and dry summers. It is the 94th warmest state in the world with an average temperature of 21.9 degrees Celsius or 71.4 degrees Fahrenheit.

During its summer season which spans from May to September, the average temperature goes up to 27.7 degrees Celsius or 81.9 degrees Fahrenheit.

Its coldest period, which is from December until February, has an average temperature of 16 degrees Celsius or 60.8 degrees Fahrenheit.

Egypt receives the lowest amount of precipitation in the world with an average of 5.8 centimetres or two inches of rainfall per year. There are some differences in the amount of precipitation where the coastal areas to its north and to its east receive relatively more precipitation compared to the inland desert.

The capital Cairo is a home to more than 8 million people. The capital that is closest located to Cairo is Jerusalem which is both the capital of Israel and Palestine, with a distance of 391 kilometers or 243 miles.

A large part of the Egyptian economy is based on agriculture and petroleum related products. Other large part of its economy are tourism, construction and manufacturing industry. The majority of which is exported to the United States, Turkey and the United Arab Emirates. Most of its imports come from China, Saudi Arabia and the United States which combined represent nearly 30 percent of total imports.

Egypt is a member of 15 international economic organizations which makes it the 44th most economically interconnected state in the world. It is a member of the following organizations:

Alliance for Financial Inclusion
African development Bank
Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
Federation of Euro-Asian Stock Exchanges
International Monetary Fund
Islamic Development Bank
World Bank Group
World Customs Organization
World Trade Organization
International Renewable Energy Agency
International Solar Alliance
Group of 15
Group of 77
Group of 24
Advisory Centre on World Trade Organization Law

Its GDP is the 43rd highest in the world and is around US$305 billion. This represents 0.36 percent of total global GDP.

Its GDP per square kilometer is US$302,000 or US$782,000 per square mile. This makes Egypt the 115th highest GDP per surface area in the world.

Its GDP per capita, however, is relatively low. With US$2786 being the average annual income, it is the 136th highest in the world.

The absolute earnings (GDP per capita) reflect the average yearly income. The figure below shows how much, on average, an inhabitant of another state earns for every $1 earned by a citizen of this state.

The purchasing power is the 103rd highest in the world and is estimated to be 12,668 US dollars.

The relative Gross Domestic Product in Purchasing Power Parity compares the purchasing power of this state with that of the rest of the world. The graph on the left shows how much purchasing power of 1$ compared to the purchasing power of other states

Egypt has of the 14th highest population in the world which is just over 100 million people. The official language of Egypt is Arab which is spoken by almost all of its population.

Its population density is the 86th highest in the world with 100 people per square kilometer or 259 people per square mile. However, more than 95 percent of the population lives within small urban areas which are considered to be among the densest populated areas in the world.

Around 3.5 million people have migrated from Egypt's, representing 3.5 percent of the total population. The main reason for migration is an economic one. A large part, nearly 1 million people, have migrated to Saudi Arabia. Other destinations are Italy, France, Great Britain, the United States and Australia.

Around 470,000 people, or 0.46 percent of the population has emigrated to Egypt. Immigration to Egypt is mainly dominated by refugees from the Levant as well as neighbouring states such as Libya and Sudan. Around one fourth of immigrants come from Syria. This is largely due to the Syrian civil war, but historically Egypt and Syria have also been united between 1958 and 1961 as the United Arab Republic.

Despite providing limited education, Egypt is ranked as the 155th state in literacy with a share of 73.7 percent.

In the last decade, Egypt had amended its constitution which gave way to free health-care. However, due to a lack of funding, the majority of Egyptians still pay for private healthcare. The main causes of death are mainly noncommunicable diseases which are related to lifestyle choices such as obesity, tobacco use and physical inactivity. The average life expectancy is 72.6 years and is the 95th highest in the world. Women reach an average of 75 years while men reach an average of 70.2 years.

Egypt is a state with a Muslim majority in a Christian minority. There have been social tensions between both religions and reports of discrimination are not uncommon.

Christianity is the second largest religion in Egypt and is followed by 6 percent of the population. The majority of these Christians are either followers of the Orthodox church or Christian Copts.

On the right, the global share of Christians per state is displayed

Islam is the largest religion in Egypt and is followed by 92.1 percent of the population which makes it the 29th most Islamic state in the world. The vast majority of Egyptian Muslims follow the Sunni branch of Islam.

There are no official Buddhist organizations in Egypt.

It is estimated that around 0.003 percent of the population adheres to Hinduism. This is mainly in the form of Indian migrants that work and study in Egypt.

Known for its historical expulsion from ancient Egypt by the Pharaoh, Jews resettled in the area following the Spanish Inquisition at the end of the 15th century. During this period, male Jews were not allowed to marry female Muslims which has led to a decrease of Jews throughout the centuries. Presently there are less than 100 Jews residing in Egypt.

There is no information about people following nonmainstream religions.

Around 0.03 percent of the population does not adhere to any faith. Recently, it has been made illegal to not believe in a higher power and can put irreligious people in prison.