Montenegro

Geography

Economics

Demographics

Military

Politics

Surface

Surface (in square kilometers)

Surface (in square miles)

Surface (water)

Water Surface (in square kilometers)

Water Surface (in square miles)

Share of water (%)

Temperature

Average temperature (in Celcius)

Average temperature (in Farenheit)

Average high temperature (in Celcius)

Average high temperature (in Farenheit)

Average low temperature (in Celcius)

Average low temperature (in Farenheit)

Rainfall

Average rainfall (mm)

Average rainfall (inch)

Distance to other capitals (kilometers)

Distance to other capitals (miles)

Proximity

Economic organizations

Gross Domestic Product (US$)

Gross Domestic Product per capita

Amount of memberships (economic organizations)

Absolute earnings for every 1$

Relative earnings

GDP in PPP per capita (in US$)

GDP in PPP per capita

Gross Domestic product (in million US$)

GDP per capita (in US$)

Surface GDP

GDP per square kilometer (in US$)

GDP per square mile(in US$)

Relative GDP in PPP

Population

Population density

Emigration

Immigration

Literacy

Health

Population density (in km2)

Population density (in mi2)

Religion

Christianity (share of the total population)

Islam (share of the total population)

Buddhism (share of the total population)

Hinduism (share of the total population)

Judaism (share of the total population)

Other religions (share of the total population)

Non-religious (share of the total population)

Military spending (in % of GDP)

Military spending

In total, Montenegro spends US$89 million, or 1.81 percent of its GDP on its military which makes it the 136th highest military spender in the world and represents 0.0047 percent of total global military expenditure.

After gaining independence, the military of Montenegro has started to reduce its size. It currently has land,air and naval forces, with all of its naval forces inherited from Serbia.

Military membership

Montenegro is a member of six international military organizations which makes it the 56th most connected state in the world. It is a member of the following organizations:

Member state of NATO
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)
Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
International Atomic Energy Agency

Military membership

International wars

Montenegro has taken part in three international wars. These are:

Napoleonic Wars 1803-1815
Second Balkan War 1913-1913
World War I 1914-1918

Number of international wars fought

Military spending (in US$ million)

Membership (international political organizations)

Montenegro is a member of 12 international political organizations which makes it the 90th most politically connected state in the world. It is a member of the following organizations:

Member state of the United Nations
International Labour Organization
Asia Cooperation Dialogue
Colombo Plan
Asian–African Legal Consultative Organization
International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property
International Criminal Court
Interpol
Global Green Growth Institute

Association of World Election Bodies
International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance
World Organization for Animal Health

Political Membership

Democracy/dictatorship rating

As a result of weakened political transparency as well as a weakened judiciary branch, Montenegro is the 89th most democratic state in the world.

Democracy/Dictatorship

The politics of Montenegro take place in the form of a parliamentary republic where the president of Montenegro is head of State and the Prime Minister is head of government.

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With its name meaning black mountain, Montenegro is one of the newest states in the world. The area was first inhabited by the Slavic people during the sixth century and, with the rise of civilization, united and became a Serbian principality in the 14th century. Shortly after, it's came under the rule of the Ottoman Empire until Austria-Hungary ousted the Ottomans at the end of the 19th century. After the first world war, Montenegro became incorporated into the kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929. After the second world war, Montenegro became a socialist republic that was under dictatorial rule until the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Shortly after the collapse of the Soviet Union, Yugoslavia broke up into several states with Montenegro joining Serbia into a new state called Serbia and Montenegro in 2002. However, after nationalist movements, an election was held where a small majority voted independence from Serbia. Since its independence, Montenegro has sought closer ties with the EU and has become a part of NATO in 2017. .

Located in southeastern Europe, the geography of Montenegro is mostly mountainous with low mountains to its southwest which become increasingly high towards the northeast. Most of its terrain is lightly or densely forested with the exception of light vegetation that is scattered across Montenegro. In total, Montenegro borders four states with Bosnia and Herzegovina to the northwest, Serbia to the northeast, the disputed territory of Kosovo to the east, Albania to the southeast, the Adriatic Sea to the southwest and a small strip of land that connects Montenegro to Croatia on its western coast.

It is the 156th largest state in the world with 13,881 square kilometers or 5360 square miles. This makes Montenegro slightly larger than Vanuatu and slightly smaller than the Bahamas.

It has a total water surface area of 362 square kilometers or 141 square miles which makes it the 122nd state with the highest amount of surface water.

Below, a graph is shown which displays the absolute amount of water of each state in square kilometers and square miles.

Montenegro is considered to be a water rich state. Most of its water is surface water which is located in Lake Slano, Lake Skadarsko and Lake Krupac. Tap water in Montenegro is considered to be of good quality.

The climate of Montenegro is largely influenced by the Mediterranean Sea which provides a Mediterranean climate along the coast of Montenegro. However, more inland, Montenegro is considered to have a continental climate with warm summers and cold winters. The average temperature is 11.6 degrees Celsius or 52.9 degrees Fahrenheit which makes it the 146th warmest state in the world.

During summer, from June to September, the average temperature is 16.8 degrees Celsius or 62.2 degrees Fahrenheit.

During winter, from December to February, the average temperature is 8.1 degrees Celsius or 46.6 degrees Fahrenheit.

Because of its location on the Adriatic Sea, Montenegro receives plenty of rain throughout the year. The total amount of rainfall is 136.6 centimetres or 53.8 inches per year which makes Montenegro the 61st state with the highest amount of rainfall.

The capital of Montenegro, Podgorica, is home to approximately 150,000 people. The capital that is closest located to Podgorica is Tirana, Albania with a distance of 105 kilometers or 65 miles. The capital that is furthest removed from Podgorica is Wellington New Zealand with a distance of 18,005 kilometers or 11,188 miles.

The economy of Montenegro is considered to be a developing economy which is transitioning to a market-based economy with a high focus on the export of aluminium. Since its independence, Montenegro has joined several international economic institutions which has led to a steady economic growth with the exception of 2012. Despite seeking closer ties to international organizations, Serbia is still its largest trading partner representing nearly 25 percent of all exports and imports.

Since its independence, Montenegro has become a member of nine international economic organizations which makes it the 168th most economically connected state in the world. It is a member of the following organizations:

Council of Europe Development Bank
International Development Law Organization
International Monetary Fund
World Bank Group
World Customs Organization
World Trade Organization
Energy Charter Treaty
Energy Community
International Renewable Energy Agency

Its GDP is US$5.2 billion which is the 157th highest in the world and represents 0.006 percent of total global GDP.

Its GDP per square kilometer is US$376,000 or US$974,000 per square mile which is the 105th highest in the world.

Its GDP per capita is US$8296 which is the 77th highest in the world.

The absolute earnings (GDP per capita) reflect the average yearly income. The figure below shows how much, on average, an inhabitant of another state earns for every $1 earned by a citizen of this state.

Its purchasing power per capita is US$20,173 which is the 69th highest in the world.

The relative Gross Domestic Product in Purchasing Power Parity compares the purchasing power of this state with that of the rest of the world. The graph on the left shows how much purchasing power of 1$ compared to the purchasing power of other states

With a total population of 629.000 people, Montenegro is the 164th most populous state in the world. Despite recognizing Montenegrin as its official language, a larger portion of the population speaks Serbian.

It has the 136th highest population density in the world with 117 people per square mile or 45 people per square kilometer.

Nearly 150,000 people, or 23.9 percent of the population has migrated to other states. This makes Montenegro the 149th state with the highest amount of emigration. There is a roughly equal divide between immigration to Serbia and emigration to other European states.

Immigration to Montenegro is represented by 10.9 percent of the population, or nearly 70,000 people which makes it the 110th state with the highest number of immigrants. Most immigrants arrived from neighbouring states with Bosnia and Herzegovina representing nearly 50 percent of all immigrants as a result of the Bosnian civil war.

The educational system of Montenegro is free and compulsory between the ages of six and 14. Since 2008, only two years after breaking away from Serbia, its schooling system has excluded that the Serbian language and fully consists of the Montenegrin language. In total, Montenegro has a literacy rate of 98.4 percent which makes it the 52nd most literate state in the world.

Montenegro is considered to have an average health care system globally and a low-quality health care system by European standards. This is largely due to its healthcare system being underfunded which has led to a structural lack of supplies. One of the leading causes of death in Montenegro are noncommunicable diseases with cancer and alcohol consumption being the largest contributors of death. The average life expectancy is 77.4 years with women reaching 79.8 years and men reaching 75 years which is the 69th highest life expectancy in the world.

Freedom of religion is guaranteed by the state of Montenegro, which does not have an official state religion.

Christianity is represented by 65.2 percent of the population which makes Montenegro the 100th most Christian state in the world. Christian orthodoxy is the largest denomination which is split into the Serbian and the Montenegrin Orthodox church.

On the right, the global share of Christians per state is displayed

Islam was introduced during the 15th century under the rule of the Ottoman Empire and has remained a large presence today. Islam is represented by 18.8 percent of the population, which makes Montenegro the 58th most Islamic state in the world. The majority of Muslims in Montenegro adhere to the Sunni branch of Islam.

There are no official Buddhist organizations in Montenegro.

There are no official Hindu organizations in Montenegro.

Judaism is represented by less than 0.03 percent of the population. Since 2012, Judaism has been recognized as an official religion and has had close ties with Jewish communities as well as Israel.

Other religions are represented by 0.07 percent of the population.

Irreligion is represented by 2.14 percent of the population.